June 01, 2020
The magnetic force is the force generated by either:
When a charge is moving, it generates a magnetic force on other particles, that is proportional to its electric charge and speed.
A permanent magnet is a material that generates a static magnetic field B
. These types of materials are called ferromagnetic materials and can actually be magnetized (by applying a large magnetic field on them) to become permanent magnets.
The spin of particles is responsible for the magnetic orientation of atoms. In most materials, these magnetic orientations are ordered randomly such that the resulting magnetic orientation of the material is zero. In ferromagnetic materials, the magnetic orientation of the atoms have a tendency to align with neighboring atoms. In such a case, it creates regions inside the material where the magnetic orientation is aligned. Applying a large magnetic field to these matter will cause the regions to align with each other so that the total magnetic orientation of a material is aligned to form a permanent magnet.
In summary, a ferro-magnetic material:
This allows to encode information into ferromagnetic pieces by changing the magnetic orientation / probing the magnetic field of each ferromagnetic piece.